INTRODUCTION

Newspaper-in-a-Box is more than a simple method of producing a newsletter; it's a tool for monitoring the goals and achievements of the group.

It's also a grassroots communication device. The characteristics of grassroots communication are not only cheap and simple to produce without a lot of resources; also important is guaranteeing as much participation as possible. Newspaper-in-a-Box is not designed to be produced by an "expert" with high technology; rather it is meant to be produced by a group of people (see job descriptions but check appendix) with all jobs of equal importance.

The first step of producing a Newspaper-in-a-Box (Canadian patent 2,055,249-2) is to have a group discussion, preferably including a facilitator familiar with the process. That's why the first item in this guide is a list of discussion questions for the group.

Ideally to produce a grassroots newsletter, your group would work together with a facilitator to produce your own box. But included in this guide are many of the tip sheets from a typical Newspaper-in-a-Box kit.

Photographs are very important in grassroots newsletters. In the first place, it makes them much more visually interesting. Also photocopied black/white photographs can be of surprisingly high quality. We also use digital cameras and scan color photos but convert them to black and white for photocopying. Grassroots newsletters often reunite group members who haven't seen each other for a while, or who are separated by distance, and photos make for a much more personal contact.

Photos are also useful to give to the mainstream newspapers for publicity purposes. Also you can use them in reports to funders or members.

The Newspaper Wall was another Ryakuga grassroots communication tool. Physically it consists of large plywood panels hinged together and covered with cork. The panels are designed and laid out like newspaper pages with photos, graphics, stories and headlines.

In 2007, we have formatted Newspaper-in-a-Box for desktop publishing software (In Design by Adobe). The newsletter can be printed or emailed as an E-Book.

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START-UP QUESTIONS

Note: the essential questions before beginning any communication process - who's doing the talking? Who are you talking to? What do you want to say? How long do you want to talk?

The purpose of these questions is to get enough information to custom format your newspaper-in-a-box as well as to focus the activity of your group when you start reporting and producing the newsletter. A bonus of this process is you will have to take a second look at the areas of emphasis and goals of the group itself.

1. Who's the audience? Who will be reading your newsletter? How many readers? Where and when will they be reading? Will the newsletter be shared?

2. Who's doing the work? How many staff members? Will the same people have the same jobs for each issue?

3. Who does the newsletter represent? A group? A geographic area?

4. Why do you want to publish a newsletter? What in general do you want to say?

5. Newspaper-in-a-box is relatively cheap to produce but you will either need some funding for tape, paper and photocopying or donations of material and services? How are you going to get funding or support?

6. How often do you plan to publish? Will your schedule be according to chronological time or event?

Do you have any deadlines for writing stories or page layout?

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7. One secret of maintaining a successful newsletter is to recruit people outside your staff to submit letters, stories, opinion, drawings and photos. Who are the people in your community who can help?

8. What is the name of the newsletter? Does your group have a logo or interesting design to include in your newsletter nameplate at the top of the first page? Take care choosing a name and design because you are going to be stuck with it as identifying a successful newsletter.

9. Newspaper-in-a-box produces a newsletter with a compartmentalized format. This means certain pages will have the same title or "flag" every issue. This makes planning and execution easier; it's sort of like "fill in the blanks". What regular compartments will you be carrying? Some possibilities are editorial; opinion; sports; letters; poetry; messages; coming events; recipes; classified; announcements; advertisements; reviews; fiction; photos; "geographic" areas served by the newsletter, and spotlight on certain people or groups.

10. One central focus of these questions is to identify the various interests and areas of concern for the group producing the newsletter. Each interest or concern is related to a descriptor word or title. These words or titles become both the page "flags" which compartmentalize the newsletter, and also a focus and energizer for the reporting which brings in the basic material for the newsletter. What are the interests and concerns of your group? Find the best descriptor words to express the interest or concern. For example, one flag for a women's newsletter could read "family violence".

COMMUNITY NEWS

News is what people are talking about each morning at the store; gas pumps; beauty parlour; barber shop and coffee break.

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News is ...

1. Important ...

2. Interesting ...

3. Controversial ...

4. Unusual ...

5. Happening right now.

6. Close by ...

... for members of the community.

JOB DESCRIPTIONS

The purpose of job descriptions is not only to let people know what they're expected to do. Although group newsletters can be produced by a few or even one person, this is not the process of grassroots communication. It will strengthen the group and increase the self esteem of individual members if as many people as possible are involved in communication - listening with respect and talking to everyone. See page 29.

Job descriptions are not to isolate people within their own exclusive job territory. Jobs should be shared. It's also important for each person to share experience and skills with others to ensure the sustainability and growth of the process and the group.

1. Publisher: Makes sure there is enough staff to do the job. Checks to see if the necessary tools and supplies are on hand. Keeps track of the different production stages of the newsletter until distribution.

2. Editor: Writes the editorial. Responsible for designing the editorial page. Makes sure stories and photos are chosen or assigned.

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3. Page Designers: Review the material - stories, photos and ads - and design the pages. This job may be divided up so each page is designed by a different staff person or the editor can design all pages.

4. Community reporters/correspondents: In grassroots communications, it's important to have as many people as possible contributing. Reporters can represent any community - geographic or common interest - belonging to the volunteer group. Reporters can choose to write stories on topics of their choice or they can agree to be assigned events or subjects to cover. It's best to write stories in three-inch wide columns for a standard size newsletter.

5. Photographers: Good black/white photos are important in turning out an attractive Newspaper-in-a-Box. The photos should be printed to size of your columns (2.25 inches wide or five inches wide for a standard Newspaper-in-a-Box). Ilford makes a quasi black/white film which can be processed in the commercial computerized labs; five inch wide enlargements can be pasted up within borders. Color photos can be used but they tend to go dark (unless you use a scanner; cut out and tape in the prints).

6. Darkroom person: Darkroom work is an easily acquired skill. In many communities you can find people who process photos as a hobby. If not, check for high school clubs or, in Canada, air cadet labs. (Note: In 2007 the photos will probably be digital. But it is still best to convert to balck and white before photocopying.

7. Photocopier-Collator: Practice with the darkness control to get the best result with photos and no black lines. Check how you have to load the tray to photocopy the other side of the paper (for example, page two on the other side of page one); sometimes the pages have to be reversed top to bottom. You can also create larger type for ads and headlines by using the photocopier enlarging control.

8. Page Layout people: It's really important to take time and lay out the pages so they are neat and straight. Use rulers and pasteup guides to make sure the pages are straight both vertically and horizontally. All edges should be covered with magic tape (ordinary scotch tape won't work ). You don't have to cut really close to the tape. (See notes on desktop publishing.)

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9. Advertising people: It is possible to raise revenue for newsletter by selling advertising. Design simple ads (you can use business cards) and use your photocopier creatively. You can also publish regular "ads" for different features of the volunteer group. These ads can be photocopied on transparencies and reused for each publication.

10. Circulation person: Circulation decisions include- Whether or not to sell the newsletter and for how much? How to handle mailouts? How many newsletters to produce? Who should receive the newsletter anyway?

11. Typists: Typists are essential but it's a good idea to ask contributors to type their articles or letters in 2.25 inch columns for standard newsletters to save work. Try to enlist as many typists as possible. It's a burnout job on volunteer newsletters.

12. Cartoonist: Drawings, especially those featuring local personalities, add color to your newsletter and take pressure off producing photographs.

COVERING MEETINGS TO GET INFORMATION

These tips are for a newspaper reporter; even when using a video camera it's helpful to bring a steno pad.

If you are going to cover a meeting, try treating the event as would a professional reporter.

1. Bring a steno pad and a few pens.

2. Arrive early.

a) You may pick up news tips talking to participants.

b) You need time to make a sketch of the table and write in names and titles of participants.

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3. Date the meeting; when it starts, write the name of each speaker. If a person speaks from the floor, make sure you find out a name and title.

4. You're after all the quotes and expressions of opinion you can get. Try to write bits of conversation rather than use your own words.

5. Use abbreviations as much as possible, eg. NF, C'brook, St. J's, prov, gov, pres. Make up your own abbreviations.

6. Get your facts right before you leave the meeting. Double check dollar figures and passed motions.

7. Use a different color pen to circle or underline quotes that seem to be important during the meeting. Put big questions marks beside items you want to ask questions about.

8. Meetings are often places you can pick up information to develop as stories later on. Keep your ears open.

9. Keep your old steno pads.

NEWSLETTER/NEWSPAPER DESIGN

The best principle of design is David Ogilvie's acronym - KISS - keep it simple, stupid. As a designer, you arrange pleasing-to-the-eye patterns with three basics - graphics (including photos), type, and white space. White space is important; give your pages room to breathe. But keep the white space to the outside - don't trap it in the middle of the page.

Let's use an 8 1/2 x 7 (folded 8 1/2 by 14) photocopied newsletter as a design problem.

Use dummy pages to design your newsletter. Check out the sample pages and use a broad marker to arrange your stories and photos in a pleasing design. Mark in the size of photos and the first few words of the cutline/headlines. You have been given page "flags" so you can "departmentalize" your newsletter according to content categories. Your dummy represents a page 5 by 7 1/2; it

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begins vertically one half inch below the top and ends one half inch from the bottom of the page. The first column starts 1 inch from the left edge.

Newspaper tradition demands a separation of news and editorial content.

This means that your reader can expect news stories to be objective and true while editorials state the way the newspaper thinks things should be.

Another separation is the difference between editorial and opinion. Generally speaking, an editorial identifies a problem and suggests a solution. Opinion articles are just that, and should be placed on separate pages.

This may seem like nitpicking but your newsletter will gain more credibility if you can manage to effectively (and obviously) separate fact and opinion.

The editorial page can also include a "masthead" which lists editorial policy, staff and ownership of the newsletter. Maybe you can also find a cartoonist to produce art for this page.

It would seem appropriate for a participatory communication newsletter to contain as much input as possible from your readers. This could range from the entire newsletter to special pages for this purpose.

While remembering to keep it simple, have fun and be inventive designing your newsletter.

As Keith Pearson says: If it looks good, then it is good.

NEWSLETTER/NEWSPAPER LAYOUT

Using In Design Software

We have produced a CD with 24 pages formatted to Newspaper in a Box printed as a spread on legal size paper.

There are two options – choose the E-Book format and for printing, move the pages after layout. Or choose the print format and move the pages after layout for E-Book.

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For groups without access to a color photocopier, we are suggesting the “cover” – front and back pages – can be printed on a color printer. All the inside pages will be printed in black and white as a master copy and then photocopied.

Please note the CD format is not in stone – it can be changed; the concept is to provide a standard to get groups started without learning a lot of theory or being forced to use a “kitchy” commercial design.

We start with a front cover – usually a “best” photo – and an introductory paragraph. Then we add a back “front cover” – eye catching with a photo and more information – sometimes a table of contents.

Newspaper-in-a-Box is compartmentalized – the content of your pages will depend on your interests – but let’s say the front inside pages are Editorial and Letters to the Editor and the back front pages are Advertisements (business cards, for example).

For an E-Book the numbering of pages (folio lines) is logical but if you want to print the pages as spreads and then photocopy back to back, it gets more complicated.

For example, in a 24 page newsletter, page 2 will be on the left but on the right will be page 23. Then page 3 will be on the right and page 22 will be on the left.

(see the page guide).

For the sake of standardization, we have treated all the right pages as photo pages. The template for right pages is a photo frame on top; then a cutline (caption) text frame; then a headline text frame, and below two single columns of text in two text frames.

All the text frames are formatted with size and font – when you place text from a Word file, it will automatically be formatted for the newsletter.

If your story is too long it will have to either be cut or continued on another page. Add the text to the bottom – cont’d p. 12 and then on page 12 – cont’d from p. 3 (for example).

You might want to add a by-line (name of author) to the front of the story.

If your head is a bit too long, you could make it a few point sizes smaller than the standard 30.

Remember the pages of the newsletter must be in multiples of four – simply delete or add pages if you have less or more content than the 24 page template.

Using manual “cut and paste” methodology

First let's work on the front page. Use your pasteup guide.

Cut out the nameplate and place it evenly on the RIGHT side of a horizontal 8 1/2 x 14 piece of paper one-half inch from the top of the page. Type out the date of issue and tape it on the nameplate. (Magic Tape works best.)

Choose your best black/white photo and tape it on the page one-quarter inch below the bottom border of the nameplate.

Type out the cutline for the photo with five inch wide margins and tape it below the photo.

If there's room for a story, tape the headline one-quarter inch below the cutline.

Your stories should be carefully edited for misspellings (Oxford English Dictionaries and Canadian Press Caps and Spelling/ Styleguides are recommended) before they are typed or computer-printed two and one quarter inches wide for fax newsletters.

A computer printer will automatically sort out your story to equal the length of the lines according to the column width. The 2005 newspaper kit includes templates for stories, headlines and cutlines.

For the purposes of a community newsletter, it may be too difficult to ensure all lines of the story are straight across two columns.

But you can make sure the first and last paragraphs are straight. Cut your stories between paragraphs to space out the story to fit the space.

Other pages after page one need a folio line taped on the page one-quarter inch from the top.

Exceptions will be pages with flags, such as the editorial page.

A Newspaper-in-a-Box kit includes an editorial flag.

Cut out the appropriate flag and magic-tape it on the page one-quarter inch from the top.

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Type out a page number and magic-tape it on the flag at the outside corner of the page. The right-side is the outside corner for odd-numbered pages and the left-side is the outside for even-numbered pages.

Layout for the rest of the pages of your newspaper works the same as page one.

Take your time and try to ensure your pages are neat, straight and even.

To rephrase a pop-video rule, the time not spent being careful about layout, will be spent apologizing after publication.

Sloppy layout means your reader will simply doubt the truth of what you print. Sloppy spelling, especially of people's names, has the same effect.

Layout is greatly simplified with a light-table.

A light-table is a box with a glass top and light inside. On top of the glass, you can tape a page of horizontal lines and vertical lines on the edges of the columns. If your layout page is taped on straight, it's relatively easy to ensure, using a ruler, that your columns, photos and headlines are straight both vertically and horizontally.

Even if you use a piece of plywood instead of a light-table, taping a piece of paper (bigger than 8 1/2 x 14) upon which you have drawn strong, black vertical and horizontal lines, will help your layout process.

Putting together a newsletter is a participatory exercise. Some people write; some people edit - but all their efforts won't achieve communication potential unless you can locate people who enjoy putting together a neat, readable page.

CUTLINES AND HEADLINES

A cutline is a caption underneath a photograph. A headline is a teaser sentence written above a story to tempt the reader to stop and read.

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Newspaper photos are about people. The purpose of a cutline is to identify the people in the photo and explain what they are doing. Make your cutlines interesting and don't restate the obvious. Don't say "sitting here are..." but say what the people are doing.

Identify first the person on the left by using [left] immediately after the person's name but before age and place. As far as possible, all people in the photograph must be identified by title [eg. student, carpenter], name and place. Credit for photographer should be placed in brackets at end of cutline.

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[Jones photo].

Headlines should be thought of as a hook to entice the reader to read the story. Be inventive - for example, try using alliteration. Headlines are written in a style which usually leaves out passive verbs and unessential words.

Use active verbs. For example, don't say - A boat was rammed by a whale; say - whale rams boat. Wherever possible, use the present tense. Use capitals as you would in ordinary sentence structure. Don't use abbreviations - especially when people won't understand.

Try to find your head in the lead (first sentence) of the story. If you can't the lead should probably be rewritten (with beginners, the lead is most often the last sentence of the story).

Centre the head above the story. If the story includes a photo make sure a few lines of type are placed above the photo before you run your head above the photo.

Newspapers often have head count sheets to let you know how many characters of each type family and size will fit over so many columns.

Definitions and theory

Point size: The size of the characters (72 points to an inch).

Font: The family of typeface; also whether the type is bold, light, medium or the same in italic (slanting letters).

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Heads are centered but should not exceed or be less than the correct count by more than two or three letters. Avoid labels, abbreviations, verbs such as 'is' and 'are'. Make heads active rather than passive. Kickers for a thirty-six point bold roman head should be eighteen point light italic, i.e., half size and reverse of the head.

PASTEUP HINTS

Useful materials - x-acto knife; ruler; magic scotch tape; a sheet of cardboard; a pasteup guide.

Some people love pasteup; some people hate pasteup. But it has to be done and sloppy pasteup will nullify all the work that's gone into writing good stories and processing great photos.

It's a lot easier to pasteup if you have a light box or a drafting board and T-square.

If you don't, take the pasteup guide and tape it to a piece of bristol board or cardboard. Tape another 8 1/2 x 14 sheet on top of the pasteup guide.

The horizontal lines on the pasteup guide are helpful in keeping your headlines, photos and copy straight on the page.

Don't paste anything outside the vertical lines. That is, all copy and photos fit inside the vertical lines which are 5 inches apart. The vertical lines are the outside edges of your page.

Horizontally the page starts one-half inch from the top and ends one-half inch from the bottom.

First tape your folio lines to the pages.

Photos are difficult to cut (if you use photo paper). Use a razor cutter and place your ruler as a guide on the inside of the cutter. Cut your vertical sides first. Photos are often taped on last (cut them last to fit).

Cutlines are five inches wide for fax newsletters- like the photos. Cut them out and tape them below the photo.

The stories - or copy - will be typed on columns two and one quarter inches wide. Tape them on the page so the lines are even and each column begins and ends

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on the same line. To make your story space out even only cut between paragraphs.

You may have to throw away a few paragraphs to make your story fit.

If you use Letraset sheets, be careful to ensure your headlines are straight. The plastic pocket-holder/nib from a ballpoint pen cap works well for rubbing the Letraset in order to transfer it to the page.

After pasteup simply photo-copy the pages with page 2 on the back of page one and so on.

Tape your original pasteups back to back. When you finish photocopying, simply fold the 8 1/2 by 14 sheet to get your pages. No stapling is required.

But be careful which pages you assemble together.

Have fun!

THE LAW

Everybody who writes or produces programs for the public should be aware there are laws about what you can say.

You and for whom you are writing can be sued for libel.

Libel is a false statement which damages a person's reputation or standing in the eyes of "right thinking men and women".

A true statement which damages reputation is not libelous. A false statement which does not damage a reputation is not libelous.

Investigative journalism is an important activity in modern society.

But you should be aware it is not a defence against libel to quote a libelous statement or to use quotation marks. Using "alleged" or "allegedly" won't help either.

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If you find you have inadvertently made or quoted a false statement which may be considered libelous - APOLOGIZE IMMEDIATELY. The apology should be made in your media with the same weight as the original false statement. If the false statement was carried on page one, so should the apology.

WHY WE CALL THEM FAX NEWSLETTERS: DIFFERENT SIZE

Fax newsletters developed because of a need to circulate internationally by fax machine. Newsletter masters were faxed to other countries where they were photocopied for distribution.

We originally used 11 by 17 inch sheets.

Then the smaller size (based on a folded lengthwise legal size paper) appealed to other grassroots communicators. It also means you can fold the eight and one half by fourteen inch paper without stapling.

The page is laid out five inches wide and seven and one half inches deep. The folio line is placed at the top or bottom one half inch from the edge of the paper. The first column starts one inch in from the left edge.

Each column is two and one quarter inches wide with a half inch gutter. This means photos are printed either five inches or two and one quarter inches wide.

Story format:

12 point/Times/Roman/Margins 5/1.5

Cutline/caption format:

12 point/Times/Bold/Margins 2.25/1.5

Two column headline:

30 point/Arial bold/Margins 2.25/1.5

One column headline:

18 point/Arial bold/Margins 5/1.5

Byline:

14 point/Arial bold/Margins 5/1.5

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Newspaper in a Box Dimensions

Each page is 7 by 5 inches, printed as two pages on a legal, landscape sheet (8 ½ by 14 inches). The cover – front and back pages – is printed separately in colour.

All inside pages are printed as black and white masters and photocopied on both sides (the inside of the cover will be photocopied black and white).

The newsletter is a horizontal, tabloid format. The width of two columns is 5 inches and one column is 2 ¼ inches with a half inch gutter.

The margins top and bottom are ¾ inches while the sides are one inch margins (this means a two inch gutter between the two pages on the spread).

Page flags, photos, cutlines, folio lines and headlines are all two column or five inches in the template (one column photos, headlines and cutlines can be added).

Spread page numbers for Print

We have added a blank page one to the template for printing purposes.

This guide is based on a 24 page template (25 with the blank page one). These numbers are reading the folio lines rather than the In Design page numbers.

There is another guide for moving pages from Print to E-Book.

24 on left and 1 on right.

2 on left and 23 on right.

22 on left and 3 on right.

4 on left and 21 on right.

20 on left and 5 on right.

6 on left and 19 on right.

18 on left and 7 on right.

8 on left and 17 on right.

16 on left and 9 on right.

10 on left and 15 on right.

14 on left and 11 on right.

12 on left and 13 on right.

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ASSIGNMENT SHEET

DATE/TIME:

REPORTER:

WHO?

WHERE?

WHEN?

WHAT SUBJECT?

EDITOR:

PUBLICATION:

DATE OF PUBLICATION:

PAGE:

DEADLINE:

WHEN COMPLETED:

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NEWSPAPER-IN-A-BOX MANUAL PASTEUP SUPPLIES CHECK LIST

ITEM	SOURCE	AMOUNT
PHOTOCOPIER PAPER
TONER
WHITEOUT
MAGIC TAPE
BORDER TAPE
BORDER CORNERS
DUMMY PAGES
PENCILS
FINE MARKERS
STENO PADS
LEGAL SIZE PAPER
PRINTER INK
PHOTO PAPER

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NEWSPAPER-IN-A-BOX MANUAL PASTEUP EQUIPMENT CHECK LIST

ITEM	SOURCE	AMOUNT
COMPUTER
PRINTER
PHOTOCOPIER
SCANNER
T-SQUARE
RIGHT ANGLE TRIANGLE
RULER
SCISSORS
LINE GAUGE
X-ACTO KNIFE
TAPE DISPENSER
LETTER STENCILS
DIGITAL CAMERA
CORD CADDY/EXTEN. CORDS
TABLES/DESKS
LIGHT TABLE (BOX)

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PHOTOGRAPHY

The ability to produce photos is almost essential for community newsletter people who want to make grassroots community communication.

These skills are also useful for community groups desiring access to mainstream publications. Try to include an interesting photo with each press release. Identify and give assignments to your group photographers. In rural areas, it is often difficult for understaffed media to attend every event.

Unless you have a big budget and a color photocopier you should convert your color photos to black and white before photocopying.

Check out the photo tip sheet and frame your shots carefully. Get in close.

If using the Newspaper-in-a-Box kit, make your photos either five inches or two and one-quarter inches wide. (You can use a border around smaller commercially reproduced photos.) Experiment with the exposure (lightness/darkness) control before copying a bunch of pages including a photo.

Photographs can add extra appeal to photocopy posters or lampoons (satirical posters). Just use scotch magic tape to stick the photo on your original copy.

If you decide to make black and white photography a go, the first step is to access a darkroom - whether it's in a high school; air cadet lab; local photography business, or a private home. Keep looking - there's lots of darkrooms around, often unused.

It can be difficult to find black and white film; buying bulk film and rolling your own is cheaper and can provide constant access. Also you can roll as many frames as you need; you don't have to shoot a whole roll for one photo.

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NEWSPAPER PHOTO TIPS

1. Take photos of something happening/people doing things - not photos of big groups/people standing staring at the camera.

2. Technical problems aside, bad photos are generally caused by:

(a) Poor focusing - practice with an empty camera, quickly focusing on random objects.

(b) Standing too far away from the subject - get closer, shoot the subject not the background.

(c) Never changing point of view - many people shoot as if their bodies are old fashioned tripods; kneel, shoot from an angle - stand on a chair.

(d) Not aiming at the subject - pay attention to what you want in the viewfinder - the action.

(e) Lack of pre-visualization; the photographer has no idea of what he/she wants the printed photo to look like - plan your shots.

3. Most digital cameras have a lag between the time you press the button and when the image is captured. It makes it more difficult to “grab” the image. Take several shots of the same scene. It’s a good idea even with close-ups of faces. For example, our subject may close her/his eyes with the flash.

4. Summary - newspapers are about people; make in-close shots of people doing things your photographic aim.

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Using Adobe Photoshop

You will have to use software to prepare your digital photos for the newsletter. Basically you will need to re-size the image; convert it to black and white, and probably use a filter to sharpen the image. It’s a good idea to test photocopying your images before attaching them to the layout sheets.

This is a tip sheet for using Adobe Photoshop to make the changes.

1. In the menu bar, click on File/Open – original digital photo.

2. Image – click on image size.

3. Change the width to 5 inches (2 column size) or 2.25 inches (1 column size.)

4. Image – click on adjustments/desaturate (to convert to black and white.

5. Filter – click on sharpen/sharpen.

6. You may need to lighten the image. Click on Image-adjustments-brightness/contrast. Manually balance brightness and contrast until the image looks okay to photocopy.

7. File – save image as a Photoshop file. (PSD)

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ASSIGNMENT SHEET

PHOTOGRAPHER:

EDITOR:

PUBLICATION:

PAGE:

SUBJECT:

TIME:

PLACE:

PRINT DEADLINE:

SIZE OF PHOTO:

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:

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Guide for moving In Design pages to convert an E-BOOK to a PRINT Format.

1. Save page 1 as new master.
2. Drag new master to create page 25.
3. Drag 23 to between 2 and 3.
4. Drag 23 (22) to between 3 and 4.
5. Drag 23 (21) to between 6 and 7.
6. Drag 23 (20) to between 7 and 8.
7. Drag 23 (19) to between 9 and 10.
8. Drag 23 (18) to between 11 and 12.
9. Drag 23 (17) to between 14 and 15.
10. Drag 23 (16) to between 16 and 17.
11. Drag 23 (15) to between 18 and 19.
12. Drag 25 (14) to between 20 and 21/

When printing, choose pages 24 to 25 and print separately as colour cover. When printing the inside pages as black and white masters, only print from page 2 to 23.

Guide for moving In Design pages to convert PRINT Format to E-BOOK.

1. Drag page 25 to trash.
2. Drag page 3 (23) to after page 23.
3. Drag page 3 (22) to between page 22 and 23.
4. Drag page 5 (21) to before page 22.
5. Drag page 5 (20) to between page 20 and 21.
6. Drag page 7 (19) to after page 19.
7. Drag page 7 (18) to between page 18 and 19.
8. Drag page 9 (17) to before page 18.
9. Drag page 9 (16) to between page 16 and 19.
10. Drag page 11 (15) to before page 16.
11. Drag page 11 (14) to between page 14 and 15.

Export E-BOOK as a PDF.

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Guide for photocopying Master Pages

24 – 1 on front

2-23 on back

22-3 on front

4-21 on back

20-5 on front

6-19 on back

18-7 on front

8-17 on back

16-9 on front

10-15 on back

14-11 on front

12-13 on back

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APPENDIX

Democratization

There are lots of different processes for groups to use when putting together a newsletter.

One way is to divide the roles so people can work according to their individual job descriptions.

In 1994 at the Caribbean Federation of Youth camp, an entirely different process evolved. First, a goal emerged of including all voices of all participants.

Next, it was decided that it wasn't necessary to have official jobs. What was important was to try to stimulate everybody to take part - to have a voice.

Other components of the process included voting on the front page photograph and all other photographs in the newsletter.

Typing stories and pasteup were carried out by people who wanted to do it.

The result was SA KA FET - a 36 page full-size newsletter of all the voices.

There are lots of different processes, but it seems one danger of job descriptions is that they promote hierarchialism by which some people assume roles as "leaders" thinking that they are better than everybody else.